Cross-cultural Interactions Essay

Communication differs in various cultures. A multinational or a global company employs a great number of people with different cultural traits. Some may possess traits that are good for business when sent to countries away from home and some may not take up this responsibility well. People with different values respond in various ways to leadership especially from leaders from a different background or culture. Cultural diversity is very wide and this would cause to some extent difficulties for a foreigner in a strange land. This is mainly because the foreigner has ittle or no knowledge of the land’s culture. For instance being a German and working in a subsidiary of the German mother company in China, I have come to realize the big difference that there is in various cultures. The team that I work with is a cross- cultural team. National culture does not fit with the organizational culture from my experience in this cross-cultural team. National culture is the values that an individual learns early in life and continues to grow or change slowly with generations. It is highly held in individuals hence difficult to influence . Organizational culture on the other hand means the wide guidelines that are created by an organization and is rooted on the Job tasks and practices.. It is a programmed way of thinking and reacting. It is used to differentiate a certain category of people from the other. Due to the deeply held national culture by people, it is difficult to change the organizational culture especially in a cross-cultural team. This is because for some, the organizational culture goes against the national culture therefore the practices of the organization will be taken for granted and undermined e. . a eadership trait which falls under an organizational culture can be easily shunned by a particular employee from a different culture if the trait is against his/her national trait. I encounter various tensions at my workplace. A group of a certain culture will follow or conform to a certain set of values and beliefs, and the other would differ from them. A large group with a set of similar values would f all in the same culture. The minority and the majority therefore have conflict when it comes to certain situations within the team. For instance, Germans are always on schedule and very unctual. This is their national culture. In the cross-cultural team there are people who have different perception when it comes to keeping time. When it comes to attending meetings for instance, there will be a set of people who will be punctual and those who will be late. This is a cause for tension within the cross-cultural team. Tension is a known cause for a decrease in a company’s productivity. Action should therefore be taken to resolve tension or conflict in these teams. Conflict is a challenge that is always faced by a team that is cross-cultural because it arises from time to time. The success and failure of a team depends on its response in time of conflict. To initiate organizational changes, I have done research and have come up with a plan of giving lessons to my team members. These lessons don’t give a direct solution to the conflicts but guidance on how to prevent, respond to and manage tension. The tips in my lesson plan include: Knowledge ot one selt and culture- when one becomes aware ot his culture, i. e. here he/she comes from and who he/she really is, it becomes easier to understand other people’s background hence become open to different ideas. This can be chieved by establishing friendship within the team Being inquisitive- ask other members with a different background from yours about your new environment and how best things are run and more importantly know how to deal with situations to avoid conflict Listen to people from a different culture effectively to have a better understanding of one another’s ways. This should only be done in situations where it doesn’t cause discomfort. Learn the expectations of others by having conversations about conflicts and the way forward when it arises. Management culture that suits every single person from a different culture should be ut in place. Management culture is one of the most critical leadership tools. In my opinion, a type of management that respects the differences and similarities of all employees should be adopted. Excellent organizational culture is the main goal of a company or an organization in regards toa cross-cultural team. To achieve this goal, management culture must be put in place . First of all, understanding the uniqueness and the differences of each individual is very important. This is largely referred to as work place diversity. Diversity entails religious beliefs, gender, race, age, political beliefs, sexual orientation and ethnicity. To deal effectively with this, the HR should check on issues such as communication, coping with differences and change. Management culture is important because it creates a comfortable and positive working environment hence higher productivity from the employees. The following management strategies should be adopted: Acquiring knowledge about different cultures and their ways of conducting business The leaders should nurture the communication, creative and cultural skills of various employees and utilize these skills to improve the policies, customer service and their products Being open minded. This involves leaders and their employees coming out of their comfort zone and accepting ways that they are not familiar with in terms of management. People from different backgrounds can factor in better and fresh ideas which could result in better services and performance Formulation of programs that will recognize the diversity of each individual. This will result in more interest in their roles Posting employees to areas where they can advance culturally Language training Taking care of employees’ complaints and issues Testing the organization’s practices to make sure that no discrimination against any ulture is practiced. At times, conflict becomes inevitable between members in the subsidiary. It always happens when there are people with a variety of different expectations. In a situation like this, I would resolve to a different way of handling conflict. The first step would be to make the employees aware of the difference in culture among them. Apart from making them aware, I would formulate a program where all employees will be taught about the existence ot diversity and to learn ways ot respecting these different values and practices. Encouraging the team to take up tasks overseas henever an opportunity arises is another positive way to handle inevitable conflicts. This will improve the interaction of employees with different backgrounds and cultures. The more knowledgeable they get about a variety of cultures, the more understanding of each other they also get. To avoid recurring tensions, another important strategy to follow through is to offer counselling to employees and their families that are moving to a new country. This can be done before and after the international assignment . When positive relationships are built between diverse individuals, a deeper understanding of each other is formed.

Authentic Leader Journey Report

Work Book 01 1. 1 My Personal Experience My Personal Experience Mid-term examination at APIIT My fellow colleagues were facing difficulties with studying particular chapters that I was good at. Therefore, despite of the time factor, I agreed to help them to get through. Taking care of my pets at home & around I am much more concerned about the wellbeing of my pets & animals around the neighborhood. Always feed them on time, groom & treat them in case of any medical emergency Precise & honest towards my duties/ responsibilitiesI do my level best to avoid any irrelevant contact with my office mates that will disturb my routine & always try to stay focused on finishing given duties on time with satisfactory results. Keeping my house clean & organized I am much concerned about keeping my house & around clean & organized by following the 5S methodology. Enthusiasm towards hand crafting, event management & arts I am very much interested in making my own hand crafts in gifting friends & fam ily, organizing small & creative surprise parties for friends & sketching art. Taking up the challenge of working full-time while studyingAt the point of final year studies, I took up a job to work on full time while managing my studies, time & tasks. During O/Ls, failed economic during the first shy but score an ‘A’ during the 2nd shy At the first instance, I was very disappointed. I studies better & hard for the second shy which I ended up with an ‘A’ grade where my parents & teachers were much impressed. 1. 2Character Map Characters Map Oshadi Korale of ADSL The strong love & motive she has towards helping stray animals has made her stand up through rock bottom situations and prove that if you have the will, you have the way. (Allies) Auditur et altera pars (the other side is heard as well)’ – Lucius Annaeus Seneca Judgments must not be made without hearing it from both sides. (Historical Figure) ‘Leaders who perceive favors have no c hance to build trust’ – Rober Whipple To be a good leader with followers trust, put yourself in others shoe. (Author) ‘Dhammo Bave Rakkhanthi Dhamma Chareehu’ – Lord Buddha Behave in dhamma & dhamma itself will protect you. (Religious Leader) ‘Trust is like glass, you can’t mend it once broken’ – My Mother Be trustworthy that makes you dependable & never break it because afterwards, it will always be in question. Threshold Guardian) ‘We only have what we give’ – Isabelle Allende Be empathetic & helpful. And it will come back to you (Novelist) ‘Winners don’t do different things; they do things in a different way’ – Shiv Kehera Think creative from the ordinary (Public Figure) ‘Fool me once, shame on you. Fool me twice, shame on me’ -B. B King Always learn from mistakes (Celebrity) ‘There is a sufficiency in the world for man’s need but not for manâ€⠄¢s greed’ – Mohandas Gandhi Consume nature’s gifts sparingly (Preeminent leader) ‘The true wisdom is a resolute determination’ – Napoleon BonaparteWith strong determination, dreams could be made become true. (Historical figure) ‘Active evil is better than passive good’ – William lake In everything you do, be active (Poet) 1. 3Johari Window Open (you know/ I know)HelpfulEmpatheticSupports JusticeAnimal LovingReligiousCreativeOutgoingHonestHumorousEco- FriendlyLearning from mistakesDetermination| Blind (you know/ I don’t)Value for thingsBoredVery much givingEager to outstandListen to others| Hidden (you don’t/ I know)PossessiveIndependentStrong Mentality| Unknown (you don’t/ I don’t)Accepting, Bold, Logical, Nervous, Proud, organized, Brave, Dependable, Intelligent, Tense| Open area is being identified by self-questioning & with the help of my parents, friends and close allies. * Interviews were carried out with my parents, siblings, team members & other friends in discovering the blind side of me. * Deep self-examining was carried out in identifying the hidden side of me. The hidden side of me consisted of those expressions which I had in me but was not feeling comfortable to express publicly due to personal defensing reasons. * Unknown side of me was pretty difficult to identify as it was not known to me or others.Therefore, I had to make use of online psychometric test assistants & E- Johari Window exercises to understand these aspects. Discussion:Self Awareness In the journey of beginning to become an authentic leader, one must first carry out a self evaluation. Self evaluation consists of understanding yourself against past experiences you’ve gone through (childhood experiences, educational experiences, moments with allies, results of social interactions & etc). Considering these elements of self evaluation, it can be understood that all these sum up to the key word Self- Awareness.Simply breaking down the meaning of self awareness, it can also be known as knowing ‘Who I am’. A person without knowing itself can never be expected to understand others & lead others effectively. In becoming an effective leader, one must become the kind that its followers are willing to look up to. Having a better understanding about our self helps us to understand our interests, strengths, weaknesses, skills, capabilities, values, motivators, morals & etc which helps us to have a clear picture on our abilities which should be enhanced & drawbacks which needs to be overcome in achieving our targets.In building self awareness, there are several tools initiated by different leaders, researches & other initiators in helping individuals to discover themselves before becoming an effective leader. As you will notice under the appendix, my personal experience mind map, character map and Johari window concepts are exercised in helping me in raising self a wareness. Experiences that are elaborated in the experience mind map (appendix 1. 1) represent those moments in my life which has set targets, changed personal beliefs; realize my interests and simply knowing how I prefer to serve myself being true to my heart & instincts.Quoting the university incident, seeing my colleagues facing difficulties in studying for exams with the limited time factor, I understood that I could do some good deed by helping them to easily understand those chapters which I was god at and at the same time, recall my study memory. As I was done tutoring them, I had the feeling of satisfaction in me which brought me the determination of helping out people when in need because I felt that I made a good value out of my living.Overlooking the general past experience mind map, it can be summarized as helpfulness, being organized, caring, honesty, precise working patterns, prone to challenge & creativity are a few noticeable elements in me which explains my percepti on. As anybody else in the world, I have made use of behaviors, quotes & beliefs other people in extracting examples for me to believe and look up to. These external parties have had influences on my beliefs & values where it is important to draw a character map (appendix 1. ) in raising self awareness. By building the character map, I have understood that learning from mistakes, activeness, eco- friendliness, honesty, fairness, creativity, empathy & helpfulness attracted most of my attention as I believe in them & further practice such expressions. Also, the Johari window (appendix 1. 3) further helps me to understand myself in a much advance & more effective level where perceptions of third parties have been brought to the concern.Under the open area, it clearly identify that myself as well as others understand (realized by self questioning myself & interviewing others) that I’m a person with interest for other’s wellbeing, open personality, religious, socially activ e & who supports justice. Also, out of my concern (blind), others have understood me to be donating & determinant people (eager to outstand) and were identified by questioning my allies, guardians, fiends, team mates & relatives.Under the hidden area, it has showed certain expressions which I have been hiding from the society for my personal defense. Such hidden expressions explain that I’m possessive against what I care for, make my own fortune, listen to others & have a very strong mental strength which is protective against failures & disappointments (identified by deeply examining myself). Finally, the unknown area has made me realize a few expressions which neither I nor others have tend t understood in me. In identifying these expressions, I made use of an online psychometric test (on www. onroeconsulting. com) which discovered that I am adequately assertive, able in working in teams & possess adequate leadership qualities. Also, with use of other online resources, I ha ve come to understand that I also possess unknown expressions such as being reasonable (logical, accepting), strong in personality (brave, bold, proud) & possess average leadership qualities (dependable, intelligent). In summary, I disclose myself much therefore, my open expressions are more than unknown expressions which denotes a satisfactory level of self awareness.Therefore, it is learnt that I have an adequate degree of self-awareness, which enables me to understand my feelings. This understanding gives me the ability to control myself, thus enabling me to adequately rise from a failure and push on to achieve intended goal or purpose. Also it shows that I can adequately express myself to others, and are sufficiently able to act firmly when revealing what I feel, with regard to both my ideas and the ideas of others.I am generally able to understand the point of view of other people and can communicate in a quite effective manner with other people often with those with a differin g point of view. Also, generally have satisfactorily developed skills in terms of social interaction and have a willingness to be involved with others. In terms of group activity, I have the ability to facilitate cooperation amongst group members. Work Book 02 2. 1My Personal Values 2. 1. 1Identifying My Personal ValuesWhat is very important to me| What is Important for me| What is not important for me| HelpfulEmpathyCreativeFair & JusticeHonestDetermination| ActiveEco- FriendlyLearning from mistakesTrustworthyReligious| AssertiveBoldProudValue for things| 2. 1. 2Value Awareness Table Rank| Value| Why is this really important to me? | What does it mean to me? | Why have I ranked it here? | 1| Fair & Justice| To certify that authentic leaders do not favor or treat people unequally. To make sure whatever the environment that I’m dealing with, none is being mistreated or hurt upon my perception/ decisions/ actions which proves my dependability| When fairness & justice is confirm ed, it is makes sure that it has ruled out destructive decisions| 2| Empathetic| Important to know how others feel about my perception/ decisions| Proves the sense of humanity I possess| Putting myself in other shoes makes me understand them where I can make decisions which will satisfy all parties| 3| Helpful| This shows who I am| Proves the sense of humanity I possess| When working as a leader, I must always move the team along with my actions. Therefore being helpful, it will help the team to move towards goals as one| 4| Creative| It is important outsmart the ordinary| To find better, effective & efficient ways in achieving targets| Creativity is the next importance as helping people & the team can be done in creative manners which will save the waste of time, cost & skills| | Honest| It is important in building bonds in the society & win hearts| Means my ability to humbly admits my drawbacks & avoid lying for personal interests| Honesty must be practiced promoted to keep the sm ooth environment where no destructive decisions & actions are initiated| 6| Trustworthy| It is important to make yourself appear dependable to others| Trustworthiness that that I possess towards people & ways in which I can promote trustworthiness among people| It helps the leader to build alliances & bonds| 7| Determination| Determination is important to make sure myself as a leader will be surely achieve targets| Means that I will not be bored, distracted or disappointed on my journey towards my goals| It ensure the achievement of all targets| 8| Learn from mistakes| To enhance improvements in my self| It is the capability & willingness of myself in accepting the mistake and learn to overcome in enhancing my image of responsibility| It will ensure the overcoming of barriers & enhance development| 9| Active| To avoid fear of boredom & disappointments| Means that I will not be distracted by means of circumstance in achieving my targets which denotes my consistency| It will inspire t hose distracted followers to be engaged once again and know how to maintain determination| 10| Eco- Friendly| To ensure the protection of limited resources| Be moved away from being self centered and preserve limited resources for the sustainability of beings. | Helps to build the sense that the leader is not being self centered which will impress its followers| 2. 2Values under PressureDuring my service at Imperial tea Exports, I was assigned to manage new buyer inquires and building business relationships in attracting orders. Since it was my first working experience, I wasn’t much sure of how to plan & organize my work & schedule. I was constantly summoned by my manager to follow steps in noting priorities for the at the beginning of the day where I will not tend to miss or duplicate any work and properly my manage my work load. Even after several warned minor mistakes due to my disorganized patterns by compromising on my value of learn from mistakes, I didn’t pay m uch attention to it where it came to my concern that I had mistakenly ignored to correspond to enquiries of a set of highly potential buyers.Due to the fear of being blamed, I tend to hide it away where I completely compromised on my values of honesty & trustworthiness. Once this was brought to the concern of my manager by those buyers itself, I was sent through formal procedures in high level warning & my monthly bonus was revoked. As a wise and helpful solution for the above scenario, incase if I was to re- experience such situation, despite of the fact that I will be blamed in short term, I will not hide anything from my manager as he is the immediate personal who can come up with the best solution in settling the situation. I will be completely honest & clearly communicate my situation and build trust within which will be helpful for me in facing potential circumstances.Also, I could adopt a new value in to myself (being organized) in order to revoke such easily preventable circ umstances in the future which will not only develop my effective authenticity, it will also not make me compromise on my values potentially which will preserve my authenticity. 2. 3Ethical Boundaries 1) 5 Why’s In controlling myself over compromising on my values at the point of temptation, I have learnt to follow the 5 WHY’s theory where I question myself ‘why am I doing this’ for five times for every answer provided since the first why. It is stated that the researcher will come to understand if they are compromising their values on or before the 5th why. 2) True to Heart & Instincts At the point of temptation, I will question myself if I am doing this according to what my heart & instincts desire or am I being pressured to do so. 3) Religious ViewsUnder certain cases (tempted to lie to revoke being scolded or punished) of temptation, I tend to compare my tempted to do actions with my religious beliefs and control myself if it will breach my religious be liefs. 4) Preset Limits/ Strategies At the slightest notification of possible situations where I will compromise on my values, I pre set a list of actions which I am allowed to observe & not observe to preserve my values and authenticity. Eg: during team work where the team is on tight schedule and limited time, I will set a list of my values relevant to team work and review at times of difficulties to make sure I do not compromise on my values in gaining short term benefits. ) Allies Perception/ feedback 3rd party perception is most frequently used by me in understand if I am compromising on my open area values where I tend to question my family, friends, colleagues & etc. 2. 4Key Learning from Reflecting Values As it is understood that helpful, empathy, creative, fair & justice, honesty, eco- friendly, trust worthy, active, determination & learning from mistakes are my key values which describes my authenticity which will not change under any environment I have adapted these value s in myself as I gain a personal satisfaction through them which makes me feel that I can represent myself much better & original.It is understood by studying my values that I have a strong caring towards interpersonal expressions (interest for others) where I am willing to help others, understand their situations/ perceptions, bring out the best/ equal treating on everybody, keeping things clear between people by being honest & trustworthy. Also it is understandable that I am also keen towards leadership qualities such as creativity, determination & learning from mistakes in improving myself to be a better authentic leader. This can bring my values to a summary that I am more of a people’s person who is willing to create & maintain bonds among and guide them to its development.In further carrying out this authentic journey report, I can use these learning to understand what my extrinsic & intrinsic motivators are and understand my capabilities in understanding my sweet spots which will set up the base to build a PDP (Personal Development Plan) in achieving my development as an authentic leader. Discussion:Values To become an authentic leader, we must develop high awareness of our values. Values are those expressions which we authentically adapt and which describes one’s beliefs. A person without articulated values where behavior is guided by external factors are low aware of their values & those who has strong articulated values that guide decision & behaviors has high awareness of its values. Values do not change depending upon the environment one operates in & not agreed to compromise for short term benefits. In becoming aware of my personal values, several measures are being observed in this report.Firstly with use of my character map & johari window, I have identified 11 key areas (Helpful, Empathy, Creative, Fair & Justice, Honest, Determination, Active, Eco- Friendly, Learning from mistakes, Trustworthy & Religious) which I believe to desc ribe me the best & to be my values and categorize them as under most important, important & non important values (appendix 2. 1. 1). With use of a value awareness grid, I then prioritized my top 10 most important values (Helpful, Empathy, Creative, Fair & Justice, Honest, Determination, Active, Eco- Friendly, Learning from mistakes, Trustworthy) and understand why they are important to me, what do they mean to me & why I have ranked them there (appendix 2. 1. 2 ). It is pretty easy to live our values when we face no difficulties.But at times when life throw stones at us, as a person who is in the progress of building authenticity in myself, I tend to compromise on my values in achieving solutions. Therefore further understanding pressure drops on my values, I have discussed a true experience (appendix 2. 2) at my previous workstation where I happen to compromise on my values in seeking temporary solutions. According to Bill George (2007), ‘ethical boundaries set clear limits o n what you will do when you are tempted or are under pressure or when you start rationalizing a series of major decisions’. Therefore, in order to avoid my process of becoming an authentic leader by compromising on my values, I have set 5 ethical boundaries which will remind me of my limits and revoke value compromising (appendix 2. 3). why’s- will question my reasons for being tempted where it will ultimately realize me the fact that I am about to compromise my values for short term goals, True to heart & instincts- Follow my heart and inner instincts and question if my values will agree with my actions, Religious views- at the point of temptation, compare my potential actions with religious beliefs and determine its negative impact, Preset limits- will help me to concentrate on following a path which complies with my values & rule out which should not be done to protect my values & Allies feedback- is being frequently followed by myself where I get feedback from my a llies on if I’m breaching my open values as the notice.It can be brought to a conclusion that my values are more concentrated on inter personal level where most of my values are based on the best interest of how I deal with others and further explain my leadership qualities in possessing to become an authentic leader (appendix 2. 4). Work Book 3 3. 1My Motivation Incident| Motivated or Not| Justification| Midterm exams at APIIT| Motivated| I was motivated to help them as I understood their difficult situation. And by analyzing my capabilities & my religious beliefs on helping people, I was motivated to help. | Keeping the house clean| Motivated| The sense of being organized & keeping unwanted issue away with simplicity, I was motivated to keep my house clean & tidy. Caring for animals| Motivated| Understanding their incapability in talking & helplessness, I was motivated to provide them with all caring to make sure they are not mistreated or hurt. My religious beliefs also su pported my motivation. | Precise & honesty at work| Motivated| I was motivated to be precise & honest during work as I want to present my best performance & be honest as I want to be appreciated, values & rewarded in return. | Working while studying| Motivated| I was motivated to challenge myself to see if I am capable in facing difficult situations with complete confidence & strong mind. | Creativity, event management & arts| Motivated| I was motivated to be such creative & artistic as I had a passion towards doing beautiful thins nd expressing my unsaid feelings & talents through being creative. | O/Ls 2nd shy| Motivated| I was motivated by my results as I saw the clear reflection of true dedication. Also, my parents said that they were very impressed by my work where I was motivated to maintain & further develop my capabilities. | 3. 2Personal Extrinsic Motivators Category| Score 1-10| Ranking| This is important to me because†¦ (fill in top 5)| Praise & appreciation| 9| 1| I mportant because I look forward for critical feedbacks or constructive criticism on different aspects on my actions/ decisions from others point of view to extracts point of learning & development. Money| 8| 2| It gives me the sense of financial satisfaction I can fulfill my needs & wants better while saving for a better & sounding future| Position power| 8| 3| Position power is important to be because, I believe that having a sounding position power will grant me for special privileges which will create better platforms for me to be more creative. | Opportunities| 7| 4| As I’m continuously looking forward to develop myself/ career, I am always motivated by new opportunities which will take my development to a new level. | Recognition (or fame)| 7| 5| As I am looking forward for development, I need to created value & demand for myself.By being recognized, it makes third parties realize that I am being valued. | 3. 3Personal Intrinsic Motivators Category| Score 1-10| Ranking| This is important to me because†¦(fill in top 5)| Helping others| 9| 1| I feel more of an important person and that I make the right use of my capabilities & skills where I internally feel that I’m making the rightful use of humanity considering their gratitude. | Satisfaction from doing agood job| 9| 2| It provides me great extents of self satisfaction, peace in my mind & happiness by knowing that I’ve done good deed as I believe in karma (what goes around comes back around). | Being creative| 8| 3| It revokes the fear of oredom & sense of disappointment and makes me think beyond boundaries by making the best use of my capabilities & critical thinking. | Deriving pleasure fromperforming a task | 8| 4| It is important for me to understand my current capabilities and figure out ways in which I can further develop them. | Challenging & changingthings| 7| 5| Important because it makes me realize that I am capable of doing things more than I anticipated and motivates myself to further explore those capabilities, be self confident, understand my competencies & estimate self value. | 3. 4Balancing Extrinsic & Intrinsic Motivators | Off balance situation| Prevention or action| | Being centered on financial motivators where I will tend to compromise on my values & authenticity to gain personal benefits| Demand financial motivators to match my value, skills, status & knowledge and always cross check my actions/ decision with my value list| 2| Being too much dependent on feedback where it will destroy my critical thinking capabilities & diminish my self confidence| Make progress reports on remarked work I perform and cross check with third party feedback and understand expected improvements where in case of absence of feedback, I will still know how to cope up & continue| 3| Being carried away with creativity & create situations which cannot match ordinary capabilities & willingness of others which will be an ultimate waste of cost, time & skills| Ana lyze the need for creativity and alter the supply accordingly & plan out ethical boundaries | 4| Being over fond of communication and being detoured from original goals & requirements| Create a check list of what, how, when, why & who to communicate. And always steer the progress towards success with milestones. | 5| Becoming an extremist on achieving final goals where I will lose my complete knowledge over other social/ personal factors which will diminish my abilities of adaptability| Arrange my time accordingly & prioritize my working pattern. | 3. 5Interests Interest| The reason this is important to me is†¦|Helping animals| I like to enjoy the unsaid gratitude expressed by animals when they are being helped & taken care of| Be organized| Important because it saves my time & cost where I can create a trouble or confusion free environment at home, office & etc as I look forward to live with less stressing situations| Lending help to people| Important to me because it strength en my capabilities & skills where I also like being thanked for my efforts by words | Thinking out of the box| Important because I am interested in discovering new things in life, practice them, learn through them & teach them to others and feel the satisfaction of seeing people willing to follow my lead| Do the right thing the right way| Important because it helps me to reflect the good human I am & even if I commit a mistake, I will learn from it| Being religious| It reflects the spiritual human being I am, make others be aware of my boundaries & help to create ethical boundaries| Clarity| Important because I do not want to misinterpret myself to another or misinterpret another to myself and create conflicts & contaminate my authenticity| Preserving the environment| As I understand the value of scared resources, it is important for me to contribute in saving them for the sustainability of all beings| Treat people equal| It is important because I understand that none will like to b e mistreated just as I dislike it. Therefore understanding that, I can do my best to stick to my value of fair & justice & be more authentic & sounding| Arts| It enables myself to freely express my feelings & talents| 3. 6Strengths & Weaknesses 3. 6. 1StrengthsHard skills| Soft skills| Qualities| Personality Types| Talents/Abilities| * Presentation skills * Leadership * Team building * Marketing * Customer relationship building * Computer literacy * Multi lingual proficiency * Photoshop & other software literacy * Business communication * Teaching * Working experience * Educational background| * Motivation * Positive attitude * Communication * Self confidence * Empathy * Working under pressure| * Creativity * Sense of humor * Education * Adaptability * Loyalty * Honesty * Helpfulness * Caring * Bonding * Trustworthiness| * Artist * Protector * Idealist * Thinker * Achiever * Doer * Performer * Care giver * Spontaneous * giver| * Credibility * Designing * Counseling * Singing * Event management * Public speaking * Mehendi arts * Sketching| 3. 6. 2Weaknesses 1) Quick temper 2) Extreme expenses 3) Easily bored 4) Time management 5) High tendency towards enjoyment 3. 7Sweets Spots of My Motivated Capabilities Sweet Spot 01 Become an International Marketing Manager (as I have studies international marketing during my degree and willing to study for CIM as well as I am motivated by the position power) With high interaction with international buyers (where I have the capability of clearly communicating myself where I’m motivated by challenging and changing things) In an export oriented organization (as I have similar prior experience and motivated by organization’s recognition) Which is recognized worldwide (because I have the capability in managing multiple languages & motivated by the number of potential opportunities available) * Sweet Spot 2Becoming a lecturer (as I have the capability in clearly communication content to people & motivated by gettin g an opportunity to help others) With opportunities in teaching marketing (as I have prior knowledge and educational back ground in the subject, practical knowledge through working experience where I’m motivated by the fair pay and satisfaction from doing a good job) In a reputed educational institute in Sri Lanka (as I have the capability of outstanding with creativity in teaching & motivated by recognition) Which is affiliated with foreign universities (because I have the capability in building bonds & clearly communicate with foreign module leaders & motivated by opportunities I stand in developing my skills? ) * Sweet Spot 3Become a young entrepreneur (because I possess leadership skills & prior work experience & motivated by earning more money & position power) With opportunities in building my own business strategies (as I have studied business strategies during my degree, creativity and motivated by deriving a pleasure from performing a task) In my own salon & spa (whe re I have capabilities in marketing, being organized, prior knowledge about the field & motivated by challenging & changing the process) Which is recognized for launching new beauty management technologies (because I have the capabilities in thinking out of the box & be motivated by doing a good job and helping people) Discussion: Motivated Capabilities According to Kendra Cherry (2013), ‘Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviors’. Under the workbook three, it analyzes the motivational capabilities of me with use of several tools. As ill George discuss in True North (pg. 106), motivation consist of two forms; Extrinsic & Intrinsic. Extrinsic motivators are derived from the external world (money) and intrinsic motivators are derived from the meaning of one’s life. As the first attempt of understanding my motivation capabilities (appendix 3. ), I have considered my life stories analyzing what caused my motivat ion/ de-motivation under each story. Once causes are being identified, a cross comparison of myself awareness & values with cause helped me to understand my motivators. Secondly, in classifying what motivators are most crucial for me, I have done an analysis of personal extrinsic motivators (appendix 3. 2) & intrinsic motivators (appendix 3. 3) with use of a grid where I have ranked, scored & explained why these motivators are important to me. Under extrinsic motivators, it was learnt that I was more prone to react for motivator such praise & appreciation, money, position power, opportunities &recognition.Under intrinsic analysis, it was understood that I was motivated at instances of helping others, satisfaction from doing a good job, being creative, deriving pleasure from performing tasks & challenging & changing things. By reconsidering these motivators, it could be brought to a conclusion that my extrinsic motivators consist of those factors which help me to learn and develop my self further & intrinsic motivators are those which brings mental satisfaction. As much as motivators do good, being over attached to them could also bring disadvantages. In analyzing potential possibilities my motivators pulling me off balance, it was discovered that greed for money, over- dependency on feedback, too much creativity, too much communication & extremist on goal achieving could potentially pull me off my motivation balance.In overcoming such situations, it was recommended to do time management, activity prioritizing, following ethical boundaries, cross comparison of values & actions, create progress reports and enhance self awareness better in preventing such situations (appendix 3. 4). As motivation & interest play along, it was then discussed how my motivators provoke interest within me to do what I desire. In discovering my interests (appendix 3. 5), I questioned myself, what is important for me? , what am I really interested in? & What makes me passionate?. In the end, it was understood that gratitude, peacefulness, personal development, sense of exploring, accuracy, beliefs & freedom are those hidden instincts which generate interest with in towards my motivators. Once my motivators are identified, strengths (hard/ soft skills, qualities, personality types & talents) (appendix 3. ) & weaknesses (quick temper, expensiveness, boredom, time management & enjoyment addiction) (appendix 3. 7) identified where they were then connected to find my motivated capabilities which helped to determine sweet spots (the best of what I want to become by putting my motivations & capabilities together). In identifying sweet spots (appendix 3. 8), I questioned my desires with What to Become? With what originality? , At where? & Which performs what?. International Marketing Manager at an export company, Marketing Lecturer at a foreign university affiliated institute & a young entrepreneur of a salon & spa. ConclusionIn winding up this report, it can be stated th at this is report is based on a critical examination of my effectiveness as an authentic leader by applying models learn at lectures & through reference material to present the research that I have undertaken in my own personal research. In further explaining the report consists of three workbooks which explain self-awareness, values & motivated capabilities of me. Firstly, the report has explained measures in which my self- awareness is being determined. With use of a personal experience map, it shows what remarkable experiences that I have gone through and what makes those life stories special to my instincts. Also, as we all humans look up to third parties in extracting inspirations, I have built a character map which not only consider event in my life story, which also consider roles of those specific characters has played in my development.Also, as the last step of self awareness, a Johari Window is being created which examine my open, blind, hidden & unknown areas of my life w hich provides me with a better understanding of myself and my characteristics. At the end measuring myself awareness, it can be brought to a conclusion that I am adequately aware of myself where my open area is wider than unknown as I have thoroughly understood myself. Secondly, with use of self awareness, I have extracted a set of expressions believed to be my values and prioritized them where the most important and important values are being considered to be my values which are true to my heart & which defines me better. Once values are identified, a scenario (compromising on honesty) has been explained where my values were being compromised and what actions would I have taken beside the original response.Also, the report further discuss ethical boundaries which I follow in making sure to not compromise on my values potentially with use of different measures. It can be brought to a conclusion that my values are more concentrated on inter personal level where most of my values are based on the best interest of how I deal with others and further explain my leadership qualities in possessing to become an authentic leader Finally, with use of reasons why I was motivated during my life events mentioned under self- awareness, the report has classifies my motivators between extrinsic & intrinsic which denote motivators through external forces & through life story.In further explanation, my top 5 extrinsic & intrinsic motivators are being selected by ranking & reasoning where it then examine how to balance my motivators incase of circumstances caused due to strong need for motivators which will potentially pull me off balance. As interests are being provoked by motivators, the report then have discussed ways in which motivators provoked my interest under life story by answering what is really important to me, what am I interested in & what makes me passionate. And then my strengths (hard/ soft skills, qualities, personality types, talents) & weaknesses are being eva luated in understanding my capabilities where motivators & capabilities are cross connected in generating sweet spots which determine the best of what motivates me to be within my capabilities.Collection of sweet spots listed up to an international marketing manager, marketing lecturer & young entrepreneur. Recommendation Following recommendations are drawn in developing me to become an authentic leader. All recommendations compile with the SMART framework. Eg: Specific:Clarity of negotiation Measurable:Ask for feedback from friends, do trial negotiations Achievable:Improve understanding the purpose of negotiation Realistic:Being able to clearly identify features of negotiation Time:(4 months) Aug 2013-Dec 2013 Skill| Objective| Method| Time Scale| Monitoring & Review| Time Management| Meet deadlines on time | I could maintain a to- do list for the week with time constrains. (6 months)June ’13 – Nov ‘13| * Keep a track of tasks completed and its timing * Receive feedback from the task coordinators for meeting deadlines. | | | Identify the times at which you can work the best. | | | | | Maintain a speed when working. | | | | Maintain ‘Contingency Time’ practice| Include contingency timing when planning. | | | Negotiation| Negotiate to the point| Improve understanding the purpose of negotiation. | (4 months)Aug ‘13 – Dec ‘13| * Ask for feedback from friends * Do trial negotiations| | Clarity of negotiation| Present all background ideas and facts. | | | | Ability to convince| Outsource ideas, read articles. Practice with colleagues. | | | Communication| Improve clear talking| Practice breath pauses.Make use of audio/ video tracks & articles for practicing. | (4 months)Oct 13-Jan14| * Ask my friends for feedback on clear speaking * Ask colleagues for feedback on my understanding of their messages based on my reaction/ feedback. | | Improve listening skills| Listen patiently. Wait for my turn to express. | | | Lea dership| Improving listening skills| Listen patiently. Refer materials which help to improve listening skills. | (6 months)Dec 13-May 14| * Request feedback from fellow team members| | Pay attention to others point of views| Let the others express their point of view. Discuss each possibility of every idea suggested. | | Stress Management| Learn about managing stress| Research & discover effective techniques in managing stress. Follow therapies in maintaining peace in mind. | (6 months)Feb 14- July 14| * Try a trial stress situation * Colleague feedback| Motivation| Improve self confidence| Read journals and research tips in improving self confidence. Attend workshops. | (6 months)Apr 14 – Sep 14| * Keep a track of progress since day one and evaluate * Ask friends & family for progress feedback * Compare the current status with those mentioned in external sources referred| | Improve & manage motivation| Watch motivations videos, read articles.Find more innovative and interest ing motivational techniques. | | | Prioritizing| Prioritizing tasks| Cluster all tasks and categorize them according to the priority level. Learn to Say ‘NO’. | (4 months)Jun 14-Sep 14| * Practice saying no to irrelevant tasks/ activities * Practice procrastination on daily activities and monitor the effect * Ask seniors for their comments| | Study about procrastination and its usage| Refer books, articles, websites and understand how, why and when to use procrastination. | | | Team Building| Improve team building skills| Read articles. Involve in real time team activities. | (6 months)Aug 14-Jan 15| * Request Feedback from fellow team members|

English class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

English class - Essay Example In general, it will be shown that 18 years olds are mature enough to make good judgment for themselves. Paragraph 3: The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 will be discussed in this paragraph. It will be shown that the interpretation of this Act does not actually prohibit the 18 years olds from alcohol drinking. Scholarly materials which take similar views will be highlighted. Paragraph 4: In this paragraph it will be shown that underage drinking still takes place and is harmful. Using statistics from various authority bodies, it will be shown that underage drinking is rampant and the current stand that only 21 year olds and above should be allowed to drink alcohol is not very reasonable. It will also be argued that it is because of this stand that underage drinking often leads to unfortunate situations such as binge drinking and consequential road accidents. Paragraph 5: In this paragraph I will show the significance of other decisions that 18 year olds make. The decisions I will talk about include that of voting. I will argue that if 18 year olds are allowed to make important such as choosing leaders, they should equally be allowed to make decisions on whether to drink alcohol or not. I will also talk about cigarette smoking in relation to alcohol. The argument here will be that smoking is more harmful than taking alcohol but yet 18 year olds can smoke but cannot take alcohol. Furthermore, it will also be shown that 18 years often face harder decisions than that of deciding whether to drink alcohol or not – for instance, 18 years olds often take part in military activities some of which may end their lives instantly, for instance, when they are in the battle field. Paragraph 6: To make my argument comprehensive, I will use this paragraph to respond to critics of lowering the drinking age to 18 years. Some of

1.Compare the civilization in the Indus Valley with the civilizations Essay

1.Compare the civilization in the Indus Valley with the civilizations in Mesopotamia and Egypt. Consider such factors as geography, social structure, technology, economics, religion, etc - Essay Example However by 2500 BC the two great cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were well established. There is not known evidence to state whether this civilization was inspired by Mesopotamia and Egypt or had the local development on its own. The changes in environment, population and evolution of technology are the reason for emergence of the civilized societies. The quality of the cities built by baked bricks of same size proves the knowledge of planning and development and their priority to maintain hygienic conditions. Although the houses were of different sizes yet the city possessed remarkable egalitarianism. The streets were laid in a grid pattern with houses protected from any pollution and thief’s intruding. City obtained the desired water from wells and drained the waste water to the closed drains proving the improved drainage and sewage system. There were no temples or pyramids in the city during Indus civilization unlike Ziggurats (temple) of Mesopotamia, that were built high with houses of priests, shopkeepers and merchants in city center and government buildings around the Ziggurats and the houses were made of mud-bricks but the pyramids, temples, palaces and tombs made of stone and rich in art and architecture in Egypt. The Indus civilization was laid by the river Indus that played a vital role in the lives of people by Indus as it provided fertile land for agriculture purpose. The Deccan Plateau and Himalayas located around the valley protect the people of Indus civilization from invaders. While the Mesopotamia civilization laid by the rivers Tigris and Euphrates with mountains on the east and deserts on the west of Mesopotamia. Egypt civilization laid by the river Nile on north is bound by dessert on east, west and south protecting from all influences, thus evolving on its own. The Indus Valley people used animals like camels, oxen and elephants as means of transportation. The carts

Ethical Conduct In War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical Conduct In War - Essay Example Soldiers comprehend that the military and the fellow soldiers look forward to them to show high sense of honour beyond what is shown in popular culture. The world of honour in military involves an individual discovering his real identity in roles and turning away from the roles is actually turning away from oneself. Hence, soldiers recognize that he or she is expected to take risks and forgo something in order to achieve the task, shield fellow soldier or defend innocent people. The use of force to decrease risk to fellow soldiers while placing the mission or innocent people at risk has to be considered to be inconsistent with military code of honour as well as the professional ethics. While emphasizing ethical behaviour as a goal, soldiers also value utilitarian basis for sustaining the highest moral standards. Education on values in soldiers can ring hollow unless tracked in a manner that offers perspective and shows relevance. Therefore, showing soldiers their enemy’s propa ganda aids in emphasizing the significance of ethical behaviour in countering misinformation. In military, considerate treatment, addressing grievances and developing trust within the population is one of the essential means for achieving success in military operations. Historical examples of extremes or abuse in pursuing tactical convenience have corrupted the moral nature of military units and destabilized planned objectives (â€Å"Moral, Ethical, And Psychological†¦Ã¢â‚¬  13-16). Leaders in military learn from history in order to evaluate their activities and putting modern operations within the perspective of previous experiences. Evaluating previous military operation experiences allows leaders to question contemporary missions, evade mistakes committed in the past, identify opportunities and recognize effective techniques. Though, education and indoctrination in professional military ethics as well as tough and realistic training are essential, they are insufficient in preserving moral character in intense emotional and psychological pressures that result from combat (â€Å"Moral, Ethical, And Psychological †¦" 17). Therefore, leaders prepare units to cope with stress that results from continuous operations within counterinsurgency environment, because combat stress usually results in unprofessional and unethical behaviour. Since counterinsurgency operations are more stressful compared to the conventional war, control of stress is a command responsibility even when grieving the loss of fellow soldiers. Military leaders have to be familiar with grief counselling and be able to watch soldier behaviour carefully in order to identify warning signs of stress like disconnection, suspiciousness toward comrades, distractibility and inconsistency (â€Å"Moral, Ethical, And Psychological †¦" 16). Leaders have to look for soldiers who have become â€Å"revenge driven† because they can break down discipline of the unit and inflict significa nt damage to the mission and fellow troopers; therefore, leaders endorse commitment to fellow troopers and mission as the main motivating factors in war. Certainly following rules of warfare slows down reaction time and forces commanders to discriminate the use of firepower, because the discriminate and precise use of firepower does more good than harm even in the lowest levels. Choosing to be precise in the use of firepo

Strategic Marketing Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Strategic Marketing - Dissertation Example Therefore, Surviving in hard times requires a strong determination and a positive attitude. But in today's fast and merciless marketplace, more is needed than a winner's attitude. The following chapter is where the dissertation starts explaining in brief a number of small business hard time strategies to help steer the chopping waters of commerce. 2.0 Strategies for SMEs to fight Economic Crisis 2.1 Cost cutting For small business, cost-cutting needs to be implemented with the precision of a surgeon's scalpel. Cut too deep and your business will never recover. Cut too shallow and cash flow problems could force you to the back of the unemployment line. Look at percentages rather than dollars and cents. If your expenses are chewing up your profits, you need to take action. There are two ways to improve sagging profits: sell more or cut costs. However, if revenues and expenses grow at the same rate, selling more won't fix an anemic bottom line. "Mistake No. 1 is thinking that marketing is the best place to cut when businesses are looking to tighten their belts," says Ann Handley, chief content officer at Marketing Professionals. "But it's not the time to jettison marketing. If business is slow and you're reining in your plan to get your name out there, it means fewer leads, less business and, ultimately, less income." Exercise care and judgment in determining what and where to cut and by how much. I recently heard of companies getting rid of their marketing department, asking them to leave, but this is not the best solution, as marketing is the most important function in a business, without having to move your products and service, how is it possible to increase sales and profits. On the... For the small business, cost-cutting needs to be implemented with the precision of a surgeon’s scalpel. Cut too shallow and cash flow problems could force you to the back of the unemployment line. Look at percentages rather than dollars and cents. If your expenses are chewing up your profits, you need to take action. There are two ways to improve sagging profits: sell more or cut costs. However, if revenues and expenses grow at the same rate, selling more won't fix an anemic bottom line. "Mistake No. 1 is thinking that marketing is the best place to cut when businesses are looking to tighten their belts," says Ann Handley, chief content officer at Marketing Professionals. "But it's not the time to jettison marketing. If the business is slow and you're reining in your plan to get your name out there, it means fewer leads, less business and, ultimately, less income." Exercise care and judgment in determining what and where to cut and by how much. I recently heard of companies getting rid of their marketing department, asking them to leave, but this is not the best solution, as marketing is the most important function in a business, without having to move your products and service, how is it possible to increase sales and profits. On the contrary, there are some easier ways that would help you eliminate costs. Over the years we have looked at hundreds of marketing programs, and honestly, state that nearly all of them have some kind of hole that either drains money directly or allows leads to be lost.

Parents play an essential role in the development of their child's Essay

Parents play an essential role in the development of their child's language.Discuss - Essay Example As Gordon Wells (1986) indicates, the entire function of learning language and interacting socially is geared toward making connections with other people as well as to help the individual make sense of their experiences. â€Å"Language occurs through an interaction among genes (which hold innate tendencies to communicate and be sociable), environment, and the child’s own thinking abilities† (Genishi, 2006). But just how does this happen? How do children learn to use sounds to communicate and then to place those sounds in the correct order to make themselves understood? While much of this behavior can be attributed to imitation of the caregivers, there remain aspects to the development of language and communication that cannot be so easily explained. To provide a more complete understanding of how language and communication develop in the young child, it is necessary to understand not only the primary terms that are applied, but also the parts and components that make up language. This helps to inform the various theories that have been developed relating to language development which then begins to identify how environmental aspects of the child’s world may contribute to the development of language and identify those strategies that are used to encourage language development. There are several terms used in a discussion of language development that may not be quite as obvious as they might seem at first glance. Generally speaking, language is defined as a set of symbols, typically in the form of articulatory gestures and the creation of sounds, which are used to communicate or store information (Eccardt, 2003). â€Å"The symbols are words, and their meanings cover everything we humans deal with †¦ Generally, the above definition puts the label ‘language’ on English, Spanish, Chinese, etc. It also covers sign languages for deaf people† (Eccardt, 2003).

Anthropology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Anthropology - Essay Example The present study has chosen the Darug Indigenous Australians for learning on what they say about their culture, tradition, their history, as well as their social situation. The Darug society is known to be the traditional owners of Western Sydney. The culture of the society is prosperous in religious implication. The individuals of the group are associated through relationships based on connections and a secure relationship with the location in which he or she was born. These relationships were associated with their responsibilities towards their lands, communities, plants and animal lives. The elders of the group had the charge of teaching these responsibilities to the newer individuals. The customs, ceremonies and conduct of the Darug were regulated by the aboriginal laws. The tradition and culture of the society reflected that only the needful for survival was to be taken from the nature. Women were in charge of collecting the fundamental foods, while men did the hunting and wild jobs (The Darug - Traditional Owners of Western Sydney). When the Europeans started settling in the West of Sydney, the Darug were not acknowledged to have any former rights. These people struggled both to protect their lands, the nature as well as their traditions and culture. The Aboriginal people suffered severely with their lands and children being taken away from them thereby not providing them with their rights. Today these people are known to regroup again realizing their kinship connections and relationships (The Darug - Traditional Owners of Western Sydney). The Darug were the largest group of Aboriginal people in the Sydney who resided from the coast across the Blue Mountains. These people spoke a common language although there are variants in the dialects that they used. They focused a lot on keeping the available resources abundant that was

Antigone before Creon Essay Example for Free

Antigone before Creon Essay In the first scene where Sentry appears he is visiting Creon to inform him of the news of the body of Polynice has been buried. From the moment he arrives on stage, Sentry is petrified even from the stage directions this is shown, as it states ‘struggling he is very frightened’ so to help this to be portrayed to the audience that Sentry is terrified, his body language would be all tense, his shoulders would be raised with his head and neck sinking between his shoulders. His facial expressions would help show that he is worried what Creon will have to say, so his eyes would be squinting with his nose wrinkled and with his eyebrows slightly raised whilst he is changing from biting to licking his lips frequently, this will help express that he’s so unbelievably nervous and worried about breaking this news to Creon even before actually speaking to him. Another moment which would show that Sentry is terrified telling Creon about the burial is when he first speaks to Creon ‘My Lord Creon sir! If I can hardly speak for the lack of breath it’s not ‘cos I ran ’ the use of respecting address ‘My Lord’ and ‘ ’ helps show the worry and anxiety of speaking to Creon. Sentry would perform this so his voice would be quick, but shaky, with extended pause to emphasise the ‘ ’ to help elucidate the nervousness Sentry has and that he’s panicking because of the high authority Creon has. Whilst stuttering these words out, Sentry’s body would still be all tense from entering, but he would now start fidgeting and wringing his hands, to help show that he is feeling uncomfortable and uneasy. When Sentry is rambling on to Creon and when he says ‘So I shouldn’t be punished for it, should I? ’ this shows that Sentry is trying to convince himself that he’s done no wrong, he’s only the messenger of this news, he had no part in the event. So the way Sentry would perform this would be, he’d say ‘So I shouldn’t be punished for it ’ in quite a stern voice, as he’s stating that he shouldn’t be penalized for telling Creon about the incident which has taken place. And whilst saying that, he would lower his head a little, with his eyes looking up at Creon with also raised eyebrows with his mouth slightly to the left pouting vaguely, his body would be leaning forward a little with his shoulders tense and lifted a bit, then with his left arm would be turn in quite tense with his index finger pointing to his chest with him repeating the point movement a few times to help emphasising he’s done no wrong and he is stating this. But then Sentry would realise who he is talking too, and would become more timid when saying ‘ should I? ’ as if he is questioning not just Creon about it but himself, as he would begin to think, should he be punished, has he done wrong. So he would lower his sharp tone in his voice, and make it become more high pitched, to give emphasis to him questioning the situation. His body would then quickly shoot up from the leaning forward his shoulders wouldn’t be raised but his whole body would tense up, with his left foot slightly in front of his right ,he would then freeze with his arms bent in, tucked underneath his armpits, with his hands seemingly flapping inwards to his chest, to help show his uncertainty. Another moment which shows that Sentry is scared stiff is when Creon has shouted at Sentry demanding who has disobeyed his orders, Sentry replies with ‘No way of knowing we’ve no idea! no digging, no spade marks no wheel tracks or anything. ’ he appears to be listing the absence of any possible evidence which suggests how or by whom this incident has taken place, which is emphasising he is in fear of Creon, and is totally ‘panic stricken’. So Sentry would perform this by ‘stating the list’ rapidly, but stuttering to emphasise he is thinking of things to say so Creon doesn’t screech at him. So the tone of Sentry’s voice would be at a high pitch, rushed and shaky, he’d be trembling whilst speaking which would draw attention to his anxiety and fear to this whole situation. Sentry would be all tensed up, his shoulders would be raised with his neck sinking in, his arms would be bent in with his hands close to his chest, but again all fidgeting, wringing his hands, he would also be shaking again, which would show his panic. He would be moving backwards and forwards on the spot but gradually moving slowing further away from Creon to help make the point of his fear of Creon and the situation. Another moments is when Sentry is explaining to Creon when they heard the news that Polynice’s body had been buried and they all suspected each other, who was going to tell Creon and when he states ‘I drew the short straw’ this shows that nobody wanted to do this, none of them wanted to be the person to break this news to Creon, as it ‘scared them all shitless’ and they are ‘scared stiff’ of Creon. So Sentry would perform this by emphasising that no one wanted to break this news to Creon as they feared their own life because they had no clue what Creon would do about the incident or to them even. So Sentry would be slightly more confident when saying this because he’s told Creon about the incident now, so now the anxiety of breaking the news to Creon is over, he would step a little closer to Creon to show that he’s not as petrified as he was at the beginning and to show that he’s only the messenger of the whole situation, he doesn’t want to be there as much as Creon doesn’t want him to be there. Sentry’s posture would be less apprehensive and more relaxed because the deed is done, he wouldn’t feel as up tight, so his arms, hands, shoulders and face wouldn’t be as tense, his eyes would be on Creon, making eye contact with him, much of the anguish in his face would have disappeared, so it would be more relaxed, his eyebrows would be lowered, his mouth would appear less strained, depicting more of a natural look, the tone of his voice would be lowered, and he is a little more confident and stronger which shows his sense of relief that he has broke the news to Creon. The second episode of Sentry contrasts with his first visit to Creon, he approaches him with a friendly address ‘Lord Creon’ rather than respecting address like before ‘My Lord Creon’. This shows that Sentry is no longer petrified of Creon, he has done what he was told to do, and he is freed without conviction. To help show this Sentry would perform with a more confident attitude, the friendly approach he gives to Creon shows a slight hint of sarcasm and arrogance towards Creon because he has brought Creon’s ‘criminal’. So the tone of his voice would be strong and loud, with a bold pitch showing the confidence in Sentry, he would sound calm without stuttering. His posture would be up right, his shoulders would be back, his arms would be by his side slightly away from his body, his hands would be relaxed but strong, in a cup shape position to help emphasise the confidence he has. His facial expressions would be strong, his head would be up slightly, with his chin raised up, his eyes would be bold making eye contact with Creon, his eyebrows would be raised, with his mouth slightly pouting to show assurance and certainty. Another moment is when Sentry says ‘This Job was all mine, I caught her ’ this helps show that in this scene Sentry is glad and is proud of himself, he achieved what Creon ordered him to do, and he’ll tell Creon as much as he pleases because he knows he’s done the right thing and it’s what his King wanted. So to help emphasise this, Sentry would perform confidently with a slight cocky manner. For example in his voice when he says ‘ This job was all mine ’ the tone in his voice would be loud and bold, and slightly high, to help express that he is pleased with himself. Again his posture would be up right, and confident, his shoulders would be back, his head slightly up, his right arm would be up, bent at the elbow and his lower arm and hand facing into him, and he would point to himself with force to show confidence and pride and that he wants take all the credit for it. And when Sentry says ‘I caught her,’ the tone in his voice would lower slightly and become more forceful and a lot louder. His attitude would become a little more aggressive and more arrogant because he wants to show to Creon that he’s not scared of him, he can’t punish him because he’s done what Creon wanted, so he wants to show that he too has authority, he is an independent, strong man, and Creon has nothing to put against him. So his posture would still be very confidence and bold with his shoulders back and head up, his hand gesture pointing to himself would become more aggressive and quicker as he says ‘I caught her,’ to help emphasise that he’s done want he was told and he’s free to go. His face would become a little tense but not because he is scared like before but because he has become more confidence and arrogant so his mouth would tense up, he would grit his teeth together with a tense jaw whilst saying ‘I caught her,’ his eyebrows would lower and would be rounded towards his eyes, his eyes would be slightly scrunched up and would have a sharp stare towards Creon. This shows his arrogance and sort of pride that he manages to capture the ’criminal’ so again he wants all the credit. Another moment which shows the changes of Sentry’s attitude is when he states to Creon ‘By rights, I’m free to go; and well shot of all of it. ’ This shows the relief which Sentry has, he knows he is right and that Creon cannot hold him to anything any longer and the fact that he has found the ‘criminal’ for Creon, he should be praised for doing this deed. To help show that Sentry is relived, his manner would become more relaxed than before, his arm would still be bent at the elbow with his lower arm and hand facing his body pointing, but his posture wouldn’t be up right, most of his weight would be on his right side, with his right hip lifted and with his left leg bent at the knee with his foot turned out, whist saying ‘ By rights, I’m free to go ’ he would still be pointing to himself with force to show his confidence, and when he says ‘ and well shot of all of it’ his whole manner and posture would stay the same but his right arm would lower with a fast rounded movement, and would be placed on his lifted right hip, allowing to show attitude and arrogance in his character. Another moment is when Creon asked did Sentry catch the ‘criminal’ Antigone in the act, Sentry replies with ‘Well, gentlemen, it was like this,’ this shows that Sentry enjoys telling the story, that he is proud of himself finding her, proving to Creon that he’s far better than Creon states him to be. So the way Sentry would perform is, the tone in his voice, would be quite low and soft but quite cocky, to help show that Creon is asking him the questions about how Sentry caught the criminal in the act, on his own, he found her, not Creon or anybody else. So he takes his time when he says it, showing that he is the hero, he’ll make the decisions when and how to tell Creon. So his manner and posture would be quite laid back at this point, he would be one hundred percent relaxed, he has no worry or anxiety like before when telling Creon his story, this time he is the one in control, so his posture again would be slouchy, his weight would be all on one side, but this time on his left to show that he’s been standing there a long time, so in a way he is getting a little bored, even though he wants to show off and tell Creon how it all happened. So he switches sides right to the left, so his left hip lifted all the weight on his left side, his right knee is bent and his right foot turned out, his right hand then is lifted from his hip at which point his left hand is placed on his left hip, his right hand slowly makes its way up to the back of his head slightly to the right and scratches it. Then he lower his arm so his elbow is bent and underneath his armpit with his right hand lifted up to his chest, with his right hand relaxed, and begins to make wringing type hand gestures whilst telling his story. This helps emphasise that Sentry’s attitude towards Creon has completely changed, he is no longer frightened of Creon as he has done a ‘good job’ in Creon’s eyes, he is no longer in the hands of Creon and is free to leave without being punished so compared to the timid, shaky Sentry in the first scene, he is now bold, confident and fearless of his King Creon.

The Thoeries of Local Government in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

The Thoeries of Local Government in Nigeria Essay Rural development of the grassroots has been the concern of every responsible and responsive political system. This is because development and participation have continued to elude people of the grassroots. Development remains insignificant if it does not positively affect the lives of those in the periphery of decision making arrangement. The Nigerian state therefore created local government as the third tier of government whose objective is to ensure effective, measurable and efficient service delivery to the people. Local government is faced with various difficulties. The major concern of this paper is to dwell on these difficulties and illuminates the factors that are responsible for them. In achieving this, the paper relies on descriptive approach and unstructured interview. It concludes that problems of local government are multifarious in nature and the solutions for them should be adequate and practical in order to evolve viable and development-oriented third tier of government. Key words: grassroots, political system, autonomy, third tier, participation, development, uniformity, unity, culture, diversity, interference, national integration, performance, consciousness, concept, commitment, democracy, inefficiency, corruption, decentralisation. Introduction The expediency for the creation of local government anywhere in the world stems from the need to facilitate development at the grassroots. The importance of local government is a function of its ability to generate sense of belongingness, safety and satisfaction among its populace. All forms of government, regimes or political systems have so far ensured the attainment of this goal. Such strategy for ensuring national administrative development and political efficacy is found in the concept and practice of local government. Whatever is the mode of government, local government has been essentially regarded as the path to, and guarantor of, national integration, administration and development. In Nigeria’s socio-political context, with multiplicity of culture, diversity of languages and differentiated needs and means, the importance of such an organisation in fostering the needed national consciousness, unity and relative uniformity as well as preservation of peculiar diversities cannot be over-emphasised. Central to the creation of local government, however, is its ability to facilitate an avenue through which government and the people intermix, relate and more quickly than any other means resolve or dissolve issues that may have heated the system. Local government has been perceived as a panacea for the diverse problems of the diverse people with diverse culture. As important as this tier of government has been, there seems to be some impediments that have been infringing on its performance and functions in recent times. These impediments range from political but undue interference of the higher levels of government i. e. federal and state governments, bribery and corruption to embezzlement and gross inadequacy of well-trained and qualified personnel to mention a few. The Concept of Local Government The concept of local government involves a philosophical commitment to democratic participation in the governing process at the grassroots level. This implies legal and administrative decentralisation of authority, power and personnel by a higher level of government to a community with a will of its own, performing specific functions as within the wider national framework. A local government is a government at the grassroots level of administration â€Å"meant for meeting peculiar grassroots need of the people (Agagu, 1997:18). It is defined as â€Å"government by the popularly elected bodies charged with administrative and executive duties in matters concerning the inhabitants of a particular district or place (Appadorai, 1975:287). Looking at the existence, performance and relevance of local government, Laski (1982:411) opines that: we cannot realise the full benefit of democratic government unless we begin by the admission that all problems are not central problems, and that the result of problems not central in their incidence requires decision at the place, and by the person, where and whom the incidence is most deeply felt Local government can also be defined as that tier of government closest to the people, â€Å"which is vested with certain powers to exercise control over the affairs of people in its domain† (Lawal,2000:60). A local government is expected to play the role of promoting the democratic ideals of a society and co-ordinating development programme at the local level. It is also expected to serve as the basis of socio-economic development in the locality. Observations have shown that local government in Nigeria has not performed to expectation. Keen observers have since adduced various propositions for explaining the reasons why the system has recorded abysmal level of inefficiency and ineffectiveness vis-a-vis justification for its establishment. But before reading into the problems of local government, we shall first attempt to illuminate the historical background of local government in order to have adequate grasp of its future and achieve deeper understanding of salient issues raised in this paper. Brief Historical Background of Local government System in Nigeria Regardless of nomenclature, local government is a creation of British colonial rule in Nigeria. It has overtime experienced change in name, structure and composition. Between 1930s and 1940s, for instance, local government was known as chief-in-council and chief-and-council, where traditional rulers were given pride of place in the scheme of things. In the 1950s, election was introduced according to the British model in the western and eastern parts of the country with some measure of autonomy in personnel, financial and general administration (Nwabueze, 1982:20-21). It was on this premise that the rising tide of progress, growth and development experienced in the local governments in these areas was based. The pace of this development was more noticeable in the south than in the north. During this period, heterogeneity was the hallmark of local government as there was no uniformity in the system and the level of development was also remarkably different. The introduction of 1976 reforms by military administration of General Obasanjo brought about uniformity in the administrative structure of the system. The reforms introduced a multi-purpose single-tier local government system (Ajayi, 2000:70) The reforms also introduced population criterion under which a local government could be created. Consequently, a population of within 150,000 to 800,000 was considered feasible for a local government. This was done to avoid the creation of non-viable local council and for easy accessibility. There was provision for elective positions having the chairmen as executive head of local government with supervisory councillors constituting the cabinet. This was complemented by the bureaucrats and professionals, such as Doctors, Engineers, etc. , who were charged with the responsibility of implementing policies (1976 Guidelines). In 1991, a major landmark reform was introduced as the system had legislative arm. In addition, the Babangida administration increased the number of local government from 301 in 1976 to 453 in 1989 and 589 in 1991. the Abacha regime also increased the number to 774 local councils that we have today and the administrative structure also underwent some changes (Ajayi, 2000:71). In summary, it can be said that no public institution in Nigeria has been so subjected to frequent reforms than local government. Nearly every successive administration introduces one administrative change or the other. Apart from the celebrated 1976 reforms, state government officials have also introduced various manipulations. For instance, in Ekiti state, the tenure of elected local government officials was reduced to two years. While some retained it to reflect three years. In the southwest, except for Lagos, a caretaker committee was introduced in 2003 immediately after the general elections. In similar vein, in June 2007, some state governments dissolved their local councils and appointed caretaker committee to steer the affairs of the council prior the conduct of elections. It is germane to note here that these changes were not without resultant effects. Some of these changes met with social strife. For instance in 1997, the relocation of some local government headquarters was marked with large scale destruction of lives and property in Ondo, Osun, Delta, Rivers and Cross-River States (Omotosho, 1998:94-105). Specifically in Ondo State, the relocation of the then newly created Akoko South East local government headquarters from Oba Akoko to Isua Akoko was met with destruction of lives and property. In 1998, Abubakar administration introduced sole administrator system at the grassroots level before elections were conducted in December 1998 for the posts of chairmen and councillors. Also the dissolution of local councils in Ekiti State by the new administration of Governor Segun Oni in June 2007 generated furore between the local council’s chairmen and the governor. In essence, it has become almost fashionable in Nigeria for incumbent administration to introduce one change or the other in the institution. So far, local government system in Nigeria has not been stable and this leaves its future to remain bleak, uncertain and insecure. Problems of Local Governments in Nigeria Despite the justification for the establishment of local government and its inevitable importance to the people at the grassroots level, this tier of government seems not to have justified the reasons for which it was established. The questions that summarily come to one’s mind are: why has local government not lived up to its expectations? What are the causes of these seemingly conspicuous weaknesses? What are the challenges of the local government? And how can these weaknesses be corrected and the challenges met? The problems of local government are multifarious in nature and it is the concern of this paper to explain them in details. These problems include: Finance Despite the increase in the total amount of funds available to local government in Nigeria since early 1990s, its economic and financial profile is still very poor, relative to the development programme it is expected to carry out. This situation is not unconnected to the mismanagement and embezzlement of these funds by the local councils. Inadequacy of Skilled Workers Save for some few local councils in Lagos states and, perhaps, some southern states, local government generally has experienced and is still experiencing dearth of skilled, technical and professional staff like qualified engineers (of all types), medical doctors, accountants, statisticians, economists, lawyers, town planners, to mention a few. The facilitating factors for this include: Low image of local government in the mind of professionals who feel and think that there is no job satisfaction sufficient to keep them at that low level of public service.   Hopeless nature of the job attributable to, and arising from, low or no incentives for junior workers, no chances for creativity and innovation as well as perpetual delay in payment of salary.   Recently and more importantly, threat and fear of retrenchment of junior workers has derailed their psychological balance and affected their efficiency and output. This is fashionable in Ondo and Ekiti states where series of staff audit were being carried out just for the purpose of downsizing to reduce wage bill as a result of the demand for and payment of fifteen percent increase in salary. Manner of recruitment is questionable as it is based on subjectivity and consideration of sentiment. Employment was based on favouritism, nepotism, ethnic and political consideration and other primordial factors that replaced and displaced competence, qualification, experience and performance. Problems of Participation and Involvement For the past decades, more euphemistic phrases have since been employed to justify people’s participation at the grassroots. They include: â€Å"Development from Below†, â€Å"Bottom-up Approach to Development†, â€Å"Popular Participation†, Bringing Government Closer to the People† and other catchphrase to argue for people’s involvement the affairs that directly affect them (Lawal, 2000:66). From all indications and convictions, research and physical observations have shown that there has been more hue and cry than action. Local government prepares estimates for its revenue and expenditure without proper recourse to, and due consultation with, the people for whom the exercise is being carried out to know their needs, their problems and potentials. A number of factors are responsible for non-involvement of people in their own affairs. These include:   Loss of interests in the project that will not benefit the chairmen and their cohorts.   The age-long belief by the officials that people are ignorant, illiterate and unenlightened.   Lack of political will by the leadership to run an open administration due again to selfish interest. Poverty of socio-political philosophy for change. Misplaced Priority Hard-earned and limited resources accrued to and raised by local government are always mismanaged. Priorities are misplaced; projects are done not according to or as demanded by the people but regrettably in tune with the selfish end and aggrandisement of the political leadership in collaboration with the senior bureaucrats at the local government level of administration. Coupled with this is the greatest bane of development in the Nigerian public service in general and local government in particular which corruption is. Reports of probe panels at the three tiers of government have revealed the culpability of civil servants. Corruption in low and high places, corruption has been rampant among the senior civil bureaucrats to whom the public funds meant for developmental purposes are entrusted. Generally, wide-scale embezzlement by officials of the grassroots has made the needed development of the grassroots a tall dream and has rendered them financially incapable to discharge their constitutionally assigned responsibilities. General Indiscipline Indiscipline is rampantly perceived and well pronounced among the workers in third tier of government. The senior officers who travel to their families away from their offices on Friday return very late the following Monday or may decide to stay back till Tuesday; and the junior members of staff who directly or indirectly observe this more often than not are in the habit of playing truant with their jobs. Little or no commitment to duty has become a rule rather than an exception. Offices have been turned to marketplaces where officers hawk their goods freely. The rules that guide moral conduct and professional ethics seem to have, at worse, become cobweb that is so weak to tame the monstrous activities of the workers. Indiscriminate lustful desires are noticeable among the workers. The official’s relationship between super ordinates and subordinates has been stained. Strict instructions handed down from top echelon to the bottom are either not followed or treated with levity as a result of the immoral relationship between the boss and subordinates. Official duties are seen as an extension of private leisure. Laissez-faire attitude to work has arrested the efficiency of local government and has drastically affected its performance. Undue Interference The degree of external influence and intrusion in local government affairs by the higher levels of government is worrisome and needs re-evaluation. Situation where the state governor unconstitutionally dissolves the entire elected council’s officers without proper investigations on spurious allegations is not good for the future of local government administration in the country. Such external interference indeed subverts democratic process and undermines constitutional authority at the grassroots level. The crux of the matter is the ‘almighty’ power and misuse of it enjoyed by the state governments over local governments. Practically, and in true sense, local government in Nigeria lacks autonomous financial power. Local government is now considered as an extension of state’s ministry. The inherent nature of this problem has caused subservience, a situation where local government waits for the next directives from state government before the former could think of, let alone embarking on developmental projects. This has made local government an object of control and directives. The major challenge that local government faces is the political control the respective state governor has on the local government chairmen. This is as a result of the fact that state governor sponsors election of most, if not all, of the chairmen. They are handpicked by the state governor rather than being elected. It is a clear case of who pays the piper dictates the tune. This again creates a problem of diversion of local government funds for personal use of state governor. In Ondo state, for instance, there is this unholy alliance between state government and local councils in the state, where the state government constitutes Joint Action Committee, tagged ‘JAC’. Federal allocations to local government are first deposited into a particular ad hoc account before calling for the committee meeting. This in a way paves the way for the state government to plan for the local government and release the money in instalments. The motive behind this is to divert the money to another thing entirely which does not have impact on the lives of the rural dwellers but that will be beneficial to the state governor. Another thing is the interest that the money will generate in the bank. The implication of this is that few of the local government chairmen who have genuine intentions and are ready to perform are being discouraged. This again assigns more power and control to the state governor. The overall effect of this is the negative impact it has on the people of the grassroots as they are getting more and more alienated from developments. Also illustrative and instructive is the arrest and prosecution by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) of the former Enugu State Governor, Chimaroke Nnamani, on the allegation of diverting local governments’ funds in the state. This shows the level of influence and control that state governors have over local governments in their respective states. This undue interference has incapacitated local government from effective functioning on the one hand, and alienated grassroots people from enjoying social services delivery expected of local government on the other.

Pestel Analysis Of The Steel Industry Economics Essay

Pestel Analysis Of The Steel Industry Economics Essay Indian steel is doing well from many years. Steel industry is contributing near about 1.2% in the total GDP. Because of the industrial growth and other important developments happening all over the world the so rapid rise in demand of the steel is observed in this sector. The major players in the steel industry are SAIL (Steel Authority of India.) TATA STEEL and ESSAR STEEL. Indian steel mainly contributes in the finished steels, semi-finished steel, pig iron and stainless steel. Private sector plays very important role in the Indian steel industry. The private sector in the steel industry contributes approximately 2/3rd of the total market of the steel. With the growing position steel industry is supporting in the continuous growth in the economic. Asian countries are in the lead with the production of the steel, china is the top producer among the Asian countries which are contributing high a supply of the steel in the international market.419million ton of the steel is produced only in the china. In past 6 years there are many acquisitions and mergers are happening in the steel industry. May be this could be the one of the reasons behind this tremendous growth globally. After the china country, Japan, India, and South Korea. India is contributing total of the 53million ton steel in global market. The japan is producing only 9% of the steel which is contributed to the global steel market. India is also one of the major counties in the production of the steel. The east, south, and west regions are important for the steel industry in India. The rapid expansion is expected in the east region, Orissa because the availability of the superior raw material. In India because the vast availability of resources and major industry player s India is enjoying the boom in this sector which are responsible of the growth in the GDP according to the survey which is done by the DEUTSHE BANK where the analysis is done with detailed survey of 34 economies in nation. It is observed that India will enjoy the average growth of 5.5% in between the year 2006 to year 2010. The average is observed for the, where as 5.4% to the Malaysia. The opening up the economies in the global market is responsible for the high investment in the industry sector where lots of acquisitions and mergers are happening in the industry. The PESTEL ANALYSIS of the industry is divided into five parts which can be discussed as follows: P- political analysis E-economic analysis S- socio -culture analysis T-technological analysis E-environmental analysis L-legal analysis. POLITICAL ANALYSIS: Political analysis includes the factors which can influence the business. It is included the political factor which includes the policy offered by the government to the specific sector. Here for this sector government introduces the National Steel Policy. The main aim for the introduction of this policy is to fill the gap between the demand and supply of the steel. To maximize the production is also main activity is designed under this policy. To increase the production up to million ton is also the main objective of the policy. Under this policy the special incentives are designed for the steel sector. Incentives like the cut in the duty, zero duty on imports, provision of the land and other infrastructural facilities are the facilities provided for the steel sector. Under this policy the government is encourage to the use the full opportunities available in the PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PATNERSHIP (PPP). With the growing industry the government is increased the sales tax from the 15%to 20% where as 75% FDI (foreign direct investment) is allowed in the industry this scheme also provides the various concessions in the custom duties. Though there is a rise in the infrastructure facilities in the country but considering the steel industry the present condition of the infrastructure is not sufficient in the nature .because of the lack in infrastructure steel industry is facing many problems ECONOMICAL ANALYSIS: STEEL industry is concern to be a very booming industry from past decades. Opening up with the various economies the foreign direct investment is the happened in this sector the various foreign players are interested to invest in the country. Under the various economies schemes there is permission in advance licensing scheme which allows the duty free imports of raw material for exports. But, with the boom in the industry GDP is rising at very slow rate. The steel industry is also facing the problem of the subprime crisis occurs in the united states before 15 months. Because of the subprime crisis there is ill effect occurs in the automobile industry, infrastructure and other business which are related with the steel industry. There is huge gap between the demand and the supply of the steel in the society. SOCIO- CULTURE: The socio culture is one of the important aspect in the analysis of the industry it describes the impact of the particular industry on the society. Likewise the steel industry also give the encouragement to the permanent employment to the people but on the other hand it divides the area in to the rural and urban sector because the industry is only in the particular area only which leads to the particular development of that area only and not overall the development . because of the working conditions the people which are employed in the steel industry faced many health problems which are incurable in the nature and many industries are not paying the attention on the health of the employees. Any kind of the allowances are not given to the employees. Steel industry is also responsible for the development in the rural sector which leads to the rise in the standard of the living of the people. TECHNICAL: The traditional technologies are being used from many years in the industry. There is no innovation in the use of the technique in the production process. The Tata steel is developing the same technique is by which the encouragement is given to the trading of the steel. Tata and sail introduces the online trading of the steel. Only the electric furnace is being used now days in the production process but because of the fluctuations in the energy there is wastage in the raw material. The basic technologies are used in the production process are basic arc, induction furnace and electric furnace which are outdated in the nature. Sail the one of the leading steel industry India is planning to set up a plan with PASCO for using the latest technology named à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"FINEXà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. ENVIRONMENTAL: Though the steel industry is encouraging the many sectors and the encouraging the development it is creating the unfavorable environment in the nature. The all leading industries are following the environmental acts which are declared by the governments, though it is creating very bad impact on the environment. Many industries are using the pollution control equipment and energy saving equipment but that is not sufficient in the nature. The least importance is given to the environmental aspect. But the Tata steel is encouraging the ecofriendly system, to reduce the emission the co2 gas during the production process. Tata is developing the Ultra-Low Carbon steel making where there will be reduction in the environmental loss. LEGAL: Government is introducing the various rules and regulations of this particular industry. The government is about to paying the more attention in the health policies of the employees which are working with the steel industry. Special health incentives and rules are introduced in the steel industry. Conclusion: From above discussion and surveys we come to know about how the pestel analysis is done in the industry we also come to know about the political, economic, and technical aspect are important for the development of the particular industry if these factors are not in the supporting in the favor of the industry then the industry may face some consequences. REFERENCES USED: www.wikipedia.org. www.scribd.com